What is the ozone layer made of?
Ozone layer
It is one of the layers of the atmosphere that surrounds the Earth, and it is located mainly in the lower part of the stratosphere, an important layer that protects the Earth from large amounts of harmful ultraviolet rays, so we receive a small layer. Part of it, and the two scientists, Fabry and Henry, were the first to discover this layer, in the year nineteen hundred and thirteen.
Scientist Gordon Dobson added more details by inventing a device to measure it, and he created a whole network that monitors this layer that is used today, and this layer is measured in the Dobson unit in honor of this scientist's efforts. , and expresses the weight of ozone in the column.
components of the ozone layer
The ozone layer consists mainly of a dense layer of ozone gas, which is a blue gas, and it is originally oxygen, but the ultraviolet rays of the sun change its properties, because there is nothing to protect or prevent it, so it is converts into another form, and it is called ozone.
ozone layer distribution
The ozone layer covers the entire globe, but it is not the same thickness in all regions of the Earth. The least fortunate of them, and therefore the sun's ultraviolet rays are greatest there, and this distribution varies through the seasons, tapering off in the fall, then gradually increasing until it reaches its greatest thickness in the spring.
Its distribution varies between the poles, it is thickest at the North Pole, and these percentages vary with the different seasons, so that it increases significantly at the North Pole than at the South during the period between March and April, while this difference clearly decreases. Ozone thickness increases in Antarctica during the period between September and October.
Brewer-Dobson cycle
Due to the reason for the formation of the ozone layer, which is ultraviolet radiation, it is supposed to be thicker at the equator, because the sun is perpendicular to it, and less at the poles, and it also increases in summer and decreases . in winter, but there are several complex factors involved in how ozone is distributed. The most important of these is the movement of winds in the stratosphere, which is known as the Breuer-Dobson cycle.
This cycle is formed due to the difference in the height of the ozone layer from one region of the earth to another, it is the farthest from the equator, and then begins to gradually decrease with the distance from it to the north or south. , and this cycle is clearly affected by the ozone hole phenomenon.
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