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 rocks

Geologically speaking, rocks can be defined as a cohesive group of one or more types of minerals, which constitute the basic unit of solid matter on Earth. Rocks are generally divided into three main groups based on the process that led to their formation. examples

rock types

igneous rocks

Igneous rocks are formed by the solidification of molten material, both inside and on the Earth's surface. Igneous rocks are usually black, gray, or white in color, and appear to have been exposed to heat before, usually formed by volcanic activities, and may form crystalline interfaces during cooling, giving them a grainy appearance, but if no crystals form, the the result will be natural volcanic glass

types of igneous rocks

• Igneous rocks are divided according to the place of cooling into two parts:
• Igneous rocks are rocks produced by lava, molten crumbs, and ash from volcanoes after magma erupts on the Earth's surface.

 Interlocking igneous rocks such as granite, which form as a result of magma cooling in the Earth's interior. The size and number of crystals formed in igneous rocks depend on the time it takes to cool; Rapid cooling leads to the formation of small crystals, due to the short time required to cool, as in the case of igneous rocks, but because of the time required for cooling, this allows lava to form large crystals, as in the case of interlocking igneous rocks. 

 Examples of igneous rocks

•  Basalt Rock: Basalt is produced from lava with low silica content. It is the most common type of igneous rock. It is characterized by the presence of fine, fine grains, and is usually black or gray in color.
•  Granite rocks vary in color from white to pink to gray, depending on the percentage of quartz, feldspar, and other minerals it contains, and it is the most abundant type of rock on the globe's surface.  
•  Obsidian, or volcanic glass, is the result of rapidly cooling lava containing a large amount of silica, to produce a hard, brittle, shiny black volcanic glass.

Sedimentary rocks

Sedimentary rocks are rocks composed of crumbs from other rocks, material deposited from solutions, or the remains of living organisms; Sediments accumulate on top of each other on the Earth's surface, forming sedimentary rocks, so their shape is usually characterized by the presence of layers.

metamorphic rocks

Metamorphic rocks form as a result of the original rock being exposed to heat and pressure, resulting in the formation of an entirely new rock, where the original rock may be sedimentary, igneous, or even metamorphic. gnace