What is the sun?

 the sun

The sun got its name from the Romans, who called it Sol; This has been translated in the modern English language to the sun, which is the closest star to the earth, and the source of vital energy, since man worshiped it in ancient times and prepared the calendar on which it depends, as the science of Lunar and solar eclipses were captured.  The gas in the sky is about 100 million miles from Earth and is characterized by temperatures so high that the elements it contains may be in a gaseous state.

   It should be noted that most of the gases it contains are hydrogen and helium, since the gases bind together by gravity and thus produce extreme heat and pressure in the heart of the sun, knowing that it consists internally of the core and in the radial region, plus the convection region, and the photosphere, which is known as the visible surface, then the chromatic layer which is normally invisible, and then the corona, which is the outermost layer.

The size and temperature of the sun

The sun is a giant ball of gaseous lava, and due to atomic reactions in its center it remains hot, since the atomic reaction in it was the result of one helium atom resulting from the fusion of four hydrogen atoms, and it is considered of medium size, and is known as the yellow dwarf star, and its age is 4,500 million years.  There is a belief that the core temperature of the sun reaches 36 million degrees Fahrenheit, or about 20 million degrees Celsius, in addition to the fact that the average temperature of the Earth's surface reaches 11,000 degrees Fahrenheit, or about of 6000 degrees Celsius, and the diameter of the sun is 865,400 miles, and its surface area is more than 12,000 times the surface of the Earth, and it is also estimated that the fuel supply (hydrogen) will be enough for another five billion of years.

The sun as a source of energy

In the 21st century, solar energy is expected to become more and more attractive as an energy source, due to its inexhaustible supply and non-polluting character, in contrast to limited fossil fuels, coal, oil, natural gas, etc.  On the other hand, sunlight is the cause of chemical reactions or in the generation of electricity; This is due to its ability to produce heat.

   Significant diffuse radiation from the Sun can be very far away, so the amount that reaches Earth is very low, and there is relatively little additional loss due to up to 54�ing absorbed or scattered by the Earth's atmosphere and clouds.  of incoming sunlight, in addition to the total amount of energy, solar energy on Earth far exceeds the world's current and projected energy needs, and thus meets all future energy needs, if properly harnessed.