economic geography theories

 

Economic Geography Theories

Economic geography is a discipline of human geography that has developed into various theories over the years. This allowed them to model increasing returns to scale, agglomeration forces, and imperfect competition.

     The following are the main theories of economic geography:

Classical position theory

Location theory emerged in the 1950s and 1960s and called it the period of the quantitative revolution, which was essentially the period of regional science, geographical economics, and spatial economics.  Mainly in neoclassical economic theory.

    In 1909, the German economist Alfred Weber formulated the location triangle theory, which was based on finding the optimal location for the production of a commodity based on fixed market locations and the source of raw materials.  From the place of production to the market.

behavioral approach

 This approach, which appeared in the late 1960s as a reaction to the quantitative revolution, deviated from the simple classical assumption about man and the economy.  Integrated between individuals and society.

 The Structural Approach (Marxist Political Economy)

The Marxist political economy approach was based on and analyzed social relations with an emphasis on separating them. Marxist theories began in the 1970s when they transferred ideas of place, patterns, and questions of location to social relations and economic structures, and they had and continue to have a great influence on economic geography. 

 Poststructuralism Approach (New Economic Geography).

 In the mid-1990s a new type of economy emerged and economic geography was influenced by it. Post-structuralist ideas emerged, which effectively contributed to the new economic geography, and its most important principles are that the economy is intimately linked to culture, social relations and political trajectories, where cultural, social or institutional factors were considered the axis of work.  Economy

This theory modified the neoclassical approach to trade and factor movement to form the forces of agglomeration that played an important role in the distribution of economic activity around space, since it does not explain space as dimensions of state borders, but rather right.  Some new economic geographers have interpreted it as the interrelationship between trade and movement factors between countries.

 This theory also focuses on a particular form of economies of scale and is the basis for so-called backward and forward linkages.